3D Printing 101: Choosing a Printer, Materials, and Making Your First Print

Updated 2025-08-29

Types of 3D Printers

FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) – The most common type. Uses spools of filament melted through a nozzle layer by layer. Affordable and beginner-friendly.
Resin (SLA/MSLA) – Uses UV light to cure liquid resin. Produces highly detailed prints but requires careful handling and post-processing.
Multi-color/dual extrusion – Some FDM printers allow multiple filaments for colorful or support-material prints.

Choosing Your First Printer

If you’re new, start with a reliable FDM printer. Look for features like auto bed leveling, a direct drive extruder, and strong community support.

The Elegoo Neptune 4 Max is a solid option. It offers a large build volume, fast printing speeds, and a growing user base. Perfect for hobbyists who want room to grow.

Filament Options

PLA – Easy to print, rigid, biodegradable. Great for beginners.
PETG – Tough and flexible. Requires tuning for retraction to avoid stringing.
ABS – Strong and heat-resistant, but trickier due to warping and fumes.
Specialty – Wood, nylon, carbon-fiber blends for advanced projects.

Slicers

A slicer turns 3D models into printer instructions (G-code). Popular slicers include:

Orca Slicer – Modern, user-friendly with great community support.
PrusaSlicer – Powerful, widely used, especially for Prusa and compatible printers.
Cura – Free and versatile, supports many printers.

Finding Models (STLs)

MakerWorld – Active community with a wide range of files.
Thingiverse – Longstanding library of free models.
Cults3D – Marketplace for both free and premium designs.

Making Your First Print

Pick a simple model (like a keychain).
Slice it with beginner-friendly settings.
Ensure your bed is level and filament is loaded.
Start the print and monitor the first few layers.
Finish and post-process (remove supports, light sanding if needed).

Conclusion

3D printing is as much about trial and error as it is about success. Start with PLA and a reliable printer, learn your slicer, and gradually expand into new materials and techniques. Each print teaches you something new.